In today's era of rapid technological development, the pace of updating and replacing electronic devices is staggering. From smartphones to computers, and from smart home appliances to industrial control systems, electronic devices have become an indispensable part of our lives and work. However, this has led to the generation of a large amount of electronic waste. Among these, PCB boards (printed circuit boards) and integrated circuits, as core components of electronic devices, have drawn increasing attention to their recycling and processing. PCB boards provide electrical connections for electronic components and serve as the infrastructure of electronic devices. Integrated circuits, which integrate a large number of transistors, resistors, capacitors, and other electronic components into a tiny chip to perform specific functions, are the "brains" of electronic devices. With the obsolescence of electronic devices, a large number of PCB boards and integrated circuits are left idle or discarded, not only wasting resources but also posing potential environmental hazards. PCB boards and integrated circuits contain various valuable metals, such as gold, silver, copper, and palladium. Taking gold as an example, although the gold content in some high-end PCB boards and integrated circuits is relatively low, its high value makes recycling economically viable. Additionally, copper, which is also a major component of PCB boards, can reduce the mining of primary copper ore, lower energy consumption, and reduce environmental pollution. Through effective recycling and processing technologies, these valuable metals can be extracted from discarded PCB boards and integrated circuits, achieving resource recycling and reuse. However, the recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits is no easy task. They not only contain various valuable metals but also contain harmful substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium, and organic pollutants like brominated flame retardants. If improperly handled, these harmful substances can be released into the environment, polluting soil, water, and air and harming human health. Therefore, during the recycling and processing process, environmentally friendly and safe technologies and processes must be employed. At present, common recycling and processing methods for PCB boards and integrated circuits mainly include physical methods and chemical methods. Physical methods include mechanical crushing, screening, magnetic separation, and gravity separation, which can initially separate different components in PCB boards and integrated circuits. Chemical methods involve using various chemical reagents to dissolve valuable metals and then extracting and purifying them through a series of chemical reactions. For example, the acid leaching method can dissolve metals such as copper in acid solutions and then separate them through methods such as displacement and precipitation. In addition to technical challenges, the recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits also face management and market-related issues. In terms of management, it is necessary to establish a complete legal and regulatory framework and supervision system to regulate the behavior of recycling and processing enterprises and ensure that the recycling process meets environmental requirements. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the management of the sources of electronic waste, promote the implementation of the extended producer responsibility system, and encourage electronic equipment manufacturers to consider recycling issues in product design and production processes. In terms of the market, it is necessary to establish a sound recycling market system, improve the transparency of recycling prices, guarantee reasonable profits for recycling enterprises, and attract more enterprises and social capital to participate in the recycling and processing industry. The recycling and processing of PCB boards and integrated circuits is a task of great significance. It not only enables resource recycling and reduces reliance on primary resources, but also reduces the harm of electronic waste to the environment and protects the ecological environment. To achieve this goal, the joint efforts of governments, enterprises, and society are needed to strengthen technological research and innovation, improve management and market systems, and promote the healthy development of the PCB board and integrated circuit recycling and processing industry, so as to embark on a sustainable development path that emphasizes both resource recycling and environmental protection.